European Foundational ICT Body of Knowledge – version 1.0
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Purpose: some Bodies of Knowledge may be intended to provide general guidance to curricula designers,
while the objective of others is to certify professionals.
Target Audience: Bodies of Knowledge which target different levels: students, practitioners or managers.
Measuring the generic Bodies of Knowledge against the criteria indicates that there is clear distinction to be
made in the approach to structuring knowledge areas. These Bodies of Knowledge either structure the content
taking an industry point of view with the future employability of students in mind or take a purely educational
point of view.
Building on the existing models, the European Foundational ICT body of Knowledge has been developed in
accordance with an approach that can be described as generic, industry-oriented and permissive:
Generic: ICT is too vast for it to be possible for any single Body of Knowledge to cover it in a reasonable
manner. However, the aim of the Foundational ICT Body of Knowledge is to provide the broad knowledge
base required to enter the ICT profession;
Permissive: coupled with the point above, the permissive approach means it is enough to use or know a
sufficient part of the Body of Knowledge. This is the opposite of the exhaustive approach requiring the use
or knowledge of the entire content of the Body of Knowledge;
Industry-oriented: the Foundational ICT Body of Knowledge looks at ICT job profiles and competences to
identify the knowledge required at base level. The ultimate objective is to provide the foundational
knowledge people need to approach the ICT profession in a way that meets industry needs. With this aim,
the Foundational ICT Body of Knowledge includes both managerial and technical knowledge covering the
ICT business process, from planning to design to developing and managing technologies. This is in line with
the need for “dual thinker” profiles and also reflects the logic of the ICT business processes as defined in
the e-CF: ‘Plan, Build, Run, Enable and Manage’.
The structure of the Foundational ICT Body of Knowledge could be described as an ‘inverted T-model’, in which
the horizontal axis shows the knowledge areas of the ICT domain running from a predominantly strategic to a
predominantly technological perspective. The vertical axis corresponds to specific knowledge and skills an
individual should develop to specialise in one domain. We can assume that any ICT professional wanting to go
into a field different from that of their existing specialisation should come down to the horizontal bar (the
base-level) and find a connection to other knowledge areas in order to expand their breadth of knowledge.
The Foundational ICT Body of Knowledge provides the base-level knowledge that ICT professionals require.
However, considering the wide range of knowledge in the ICT field, it has to be intended as a “permissive
model” where every ICT professional will acquire as much breadth as possible in terms of knowledge
possession.
In addition to the dimension of ICT core knowledge defined above, the European Foundational ICT Body of
Knowledge consists of a second dimension of complementary base-level knowledge required to enter the ICT
profession. This dimension includes cross-cutting knowledge that cannot be considered purely in relation to
one ICT knowledge area but can be referred to, at different levels, in relation to all core knowledge areas, i.e.:
Legal, ethical, social and professional practices: including this knowledge in the Foundational ICT Body of
Knowledge serves to provide key reference points for everyone interested in the ICT profession, as they
are strongly linked to the definition of the ICT profession itself. Legal, ethical, social and professional
practices need to be addressed at different levels at different stages of professional development. The
very nature of professional work means that some knowledge and skills are best developed through
experience and that an understanding of complex issues, such as ethics, grows with maturity. Further
development will be provided at a full professional level through participation in certification
programmes.