168
Index
Index
Permafrost, 5, 13, 17, 69, 75, 77, 87, 98
Planetary health*, 24, 89, 102, 108, 114
Policies, 8-11, 18, 22, 24-26, 28, 30-33,
51-53, 55, 58-60, 63, 68-69, 77, 86, 89,
96, 101-102, 104, 106-108, 110-115
adaptation, 8, 18, 24, 25-26, 30-32, 55,
73-74, 75, 89, 111, 114-115
assessing, 15, 31, 50, 66, 71, 78, 101
distributional effects, 105
equity, 9, 24, 25, 30-32, 49, 55, 60, 62, 63,
88-89, 96, 97, 101-102, 108, 110-112, 114
finance, 9-11, 24, 25, 26, 30-33, 52-53, 55,
61-62, 88-9, 96, 97, 101-102, 105, 107-
108, 110-115
mitigation, 9-11, 18, 22-23, 24, 25-26, 27-
28, 30-31, 52-53, 57-58, 59-60, 61, 63, 68,
73-75, 86, 98, 103-104, 111, 113, 114-115
sectoral, 16, 19-20, 23, 28, 32, 33, 34, 56,
62, 74, 77, 78-79, 86, 89, 94-95, 96, 104,
108, 110-112, 114-115
sustainable development and, 3, 21, 38,
55, 88, 89
technology, 10-11, 21, 25, 28, 30-34, 52-
53, 54, 61, 68, 86, 96, 97, 102, 104, 107,
108, 111,-113
Population growth, 17, 75, 63
Poverty, 3, 25, 30, 38, 50, 51-52, 62, 76,
88, 97, 101-102, 108, 1123
Precipitation, 5-6, 7, 12-13, 14, 15, 16,
29, 46, 47-50, 50-51, 69, 70, 73, 76, 87,
98-99, 105
extreme events, 5-6, 16, 29, 50-51, 74, 78,
97, 100, 104, 105
observed changes, 5, 42
projected changes, 13, 98
Private finance. See Finance, 9, 11, 33, 62,
111, 112
Private sector, 9, 24, 25, 55, 61, 89, 97,
107, 111, 112
Public finance. See Finance, 33, 111, 112
R
Radiative forcing, 4, 9, 13, 42, 43, 62-63,
65, 98
Reasons for Concern (RFCs)*, 15, 17-18,
64, 71, 75-77
Reforestation*, 21, 27, 29, 56, 87, 93,
103-104, 106
Regions, 4-6, 7, 8, 10-11, 14, 16, 17-19,
24, 25, 28-33, 38, 42, 44, 46, 50-53, 55,
57 60-62, 64, 68-69, 70, 71-72, 73-74,
76, 77-78, 88-89, 97, 95-99, 100, 101-
102, 103, 104, 106, 108, 110-112, 114
irreversible changes, 15, 18, 68, 71, 77
key risks, 15, 64, 71, 76-77
See also Impacts*
Renewable energy, 21, 53, 54, 88, 104,
105
Representative Concentration Pathways
(RCPs)*, 9, 63, 65
Residual risk*, 78, 105
Resilience*, 19, 23, 28-31, 55, 78, 87,
101-102, 104-107, 110
Restoration*, 8, 21, 27, 29-30, 55-56, 77,
88, 103-104, 105-106, 108
Risk*, 3, 6, 8-9, 12, 14-15, 16-18, 18-19,
21, 23-24, 26, 25-26, 29, 32, 33, 38,
42, 50-52, 55, 61-62, 63-66, 68, 71-72,
73-74, 77-79, 80, 82, 87-89, 92, 95, 97,
97-99, 100-101, 101, 104-108, 110-112
causes of, 62
from climate change, 6, 14-15, 26, 51, 64,
72, 88, 99
future, 4, 7-9, 12, 14-15, 16-18, 18, 20, 24,
25, 28, 44, 58, 60, 61, 63-66, 68-69, 73-74,
77, 80-81, 87-89, 92, 95-98, 97, 101, 102,
104, 107
key risks, 15, 64, 71, 76-77
of adaptation, 8-9, 18, 19, 25-26, 33, 38,
55-56, 61-62, 77, 78-79, 88, 92, 95, 99,
101-102, 107, 109, 111
of mitigation, 26, 27, 28, 31, 57, 88, 89,
95, 103, 102, 109, 112-114
region-specific, 61
unavoidable, 15, 18, 30, 77, 80, 85, 108
uneven distribution of, 15, 71
Risk management/reduction. See also
Disaster risk management, 52,
Rural areas, 15, 98
S
Scenario*. See Emission Scenario*,
Emission Pathway* and Pathways*
Sea ice, 13, 46, 47, 69, 76, 98
arctic, 4, 5, 13, 16-17, 18, 26, 42, 46, 47,
50-51, 69, 71, 73-74, 76, 77, 93, 98
observed changes, 5, 42, 46, 47-50
projected changes, 13, 14, 16, 70, 73, 98
Sea level, 5-6, 13, 15, 17-18, 23, 46, 47,
50, 56, 68, 69, 75-77, 77, 79, 80-81, 87,
98, 100-101, 106
extremes, 5-6, 7, 12, 14, 42, 46, 48-50,
50-51, 69, 70, 76, 98-99
observed changes, 5, 42
Sea level rise, 5-6, 7, 13, 15, 17-18, 18,
23, 46, 47, 50, 56, 68, 75-77, 79, 80-81,
87, 98, 100-101, 106
contributions to, 3, 5, 28, 38, 43, 44, 104,
119
observed, 77, 80-81, 89, 92
projected, 100-101
risks associated with, 18, 23, 77, 112
variability in, 12, 14, 70
Seasonal, 7-8, 46, 47, 49-50, 69, 72
Sectors, 5-6, 7, 8, 10-11, 15, 19-21, 22, 24,
25, 27-28, 29-31, 33, 44, 51-53, 54, 55-
57, 60, 61-62, 64, 68, 71-72, 76, 78-79,
82, 86, 89, 93, 94, 95-96, 97, 99, 101,
101-102, 104-108, 110-112, 113, 114
GHG emissions by, 32, 45-46, 53, 102, 110
key risks, 15, 64, 71, 76-77
policy instruments, 11, 21, 52-53, 86, 110
See also Adaptation*
See also Mitigation*
Settlements*, 7, 15, 18, 23, 27, 28-29, 31,
49-51, 62, 71, 76, 80, 87, 89, 98-99,
103, 105-106
Shared socio-economic pathways (SSPs)*,
9, 63, 65
Shifting development pathways (SDPs)*,
32, 34, 102, 112
Sink*, 13, 22-23, 28, 42, 44, 82, 87, 94,
104, 106
Small Island Developing States (SIDS)*, 5,
26, 44, 51, 98
Snow cover, 13, 46, 47, 51, 69
Social justice*, 31, 101
Social protection*, 26, 28, 30-31, 55, 96,
101, 106-108
Solar Radiation Modification (SRM)*, 72
Source*, 50, 82
Species range shifts, 49
Stranded assets*, 25-26, 58, 62, 95
Subsidies, 11, 32, 53, 102, 107, 110
Sustainable development (SD)*, 108, 109,
110, 114
climate policy and, 52
equity and, 24, 25, 31-32, 53, 91, 101
6, 30, 33, 52, 96, 101, 108, 109, 114
Sustainable land management*, 3, 8, 38,
55, 56, 106, 114
Synergies, 21, 25, 27-28, 30, 88, 97, 103-
104, 108, 109-110, 114