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Vocational Guidance and its Strategies
Dr.C.Thenmozhi
Principal, Adhiparasakthi College of Education
G.B.Nagar, Kalavai, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
A person’s performance for a vocation is inuenced by the aspirations and choice of their
parents. This may result in an unsatisfactory placement of the student. However, it is important
to note that the vocational choice should be decided more on the individual’s ability, interest,
aptitude, rather than on parental aspirations alone. Some individuals are often found to be
dissatised in the work they are doing and are not properly adjusted, to the work environment
leading to frustration, state of stress, diminished productivity, etc. An Unfavourable attitude
of any individual is not conducive for the work culture in any organization. Efforts must
consciously be made by educational institutions to work towards developing a positive attitude
towards work in their students. If this can be done in the institution, it can be expected that
there would be a transfer of this in the work situation. The success or failure of a person
in a vocation depends upon, many others factors including satisfaction one derives from
the vocation. satisfaction results from working in harmony with one’s own potentialities,
strengths, weaknesses, etc. A well organized system of vocational information readily
available to students and set up which encourages students and trains them to nd out the
available information about careers, from the basis for the choice of vocational e strategies.
Introduction
Man’s attitude to something which takes up much, if not most, of his
working hours, has rarely been neutral. Work has been seen as a necessary
evil, as one of the virtues that pave the path to heaven, as the most important
way in which an individual contributes to his society, and as a major
instrument of self-realisation. In the process of vocational guidance, the
individual is assisted to understand his abilities, and limitations and accept
them. Once he is aware of his potentialities, he is helped to make use of the
available opportunities. For the effectiveness of vocational guidance, the
student’s goals, needs, and interests are also taken into account. Students
may face many difculties in the choice of a vocation, vocational persuasion
and vocational adjustment. This often leads to several ills such as students
not getting proper jobs, encountering difculties in getting on well with the
job, etc. This implies that students should discover their capabilities. They
must relate the information they acquire about their career to their own
capabilities.
Denitions of Guidance
Morris,Ruth strang,” Guidance is a process of helping every individual,
through his own efforts, to discover and developing his potentialities for his
personal happiness and social usefulness.”
OPEN ACCESS
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Month: December
Year: 2018
ISSN: 2320-2653
Received:26.12.2018
Accepted:28.12.2018
Published:31.12.2018
Citation:
Thenmozhi, C.
“Vocational Guidance and
Its Strategies.” Shanlax
International Journal of
Education, vol. 7, no. 1,
2018, pp. 20–23.
DOI:
http/doi.org/ 10.5281/
zenodo.2545060
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Arthur.J.Jones,”Guidance is the personal help
that is given by one person to another in developing
life goals, in making adjustment, and in solving
problems, that confront him in the attainment of
goals”.
Vocational Guidance
Although vocational guidance is a recent concept,
it has undergone a radial change. The old concept
of vocational guidance was tting an individual to
a job -square peg in a square hole. But this is too
limited a view. It is wrong to assume that men are
really born to t in various professions. a person
is born for no profession at birth. He does possess
some specic ability, but that will help him to take
up no one specic job but a variety of jobs, jobs of a
particular group. He can further take up some jobs,
nicely after the necessary orientation. It is wrong to
presume that once a person has joined a profession,
guidance has nished its task. Success in a job
depends upon not only entry but also systematic
progress and adjustment during employment. Hence
there is need for re-orientation of the very purpose
of vocational guidance.
Denitions of Vocational Guidance
Frank Pearson wrote nearly unity years ago about
the denition of vocational guidance. “The vocation
bureau is intended to aid young people in choosing
an occupation, preparing themselves for it nding
an opening in for it and building up a career of
efciency and success”.
According to The National Vocational Guidance
Association of America 1937,”The vocational
guidance is the process of assisting the individuals to
choose an occupation, prepare for it, enter upon and
progress in it. It is concerned primarily with helping
individuals make decision and choices involved in
planning a future, and building a career decision, and
choics necessary in affecting satisfactory vocational
adjustment”.
Need of Vocational Guidance
According to Myer’s, Vocational guidance is
needed because of the following reasons:
a. Vocational guidance provides many economic
advantages to the employers. Their problems
are less because then workers enjoy job
satisfaction.
b. Human potentialities are utilized to a
maximum with the help of vocational
guidance. We are then truly benetted by it.
c. If an individual stays in a wrong profession,
he suffers from pshchic loss. The individual is
not happy. He is frustrated. His family life is
affected.
d. If an individual stays in a wrong profession
for a time, he suffers economically – there is a
nancial loss.
e. There are a large number of personal and
social values of vocational guidance. Leaving
aside nancial considerations, the worker’s
happiness, his personal development, his
value as a social unit and his contribution
to human welfare are all involved. Right
vocational guidance helps us to achieve that.
f. It is needed from the point of view of health
of the workers. If the profession is such
where health of social workers breaks down,
production suffers and morale of workers
goes down.
Purpose of Vocational Guidance
The purpose of vocational guidance is:
a. To serve the individual and the society
b. To prevent maladjustment and dissatisfaction
c. To ensure efcient use of man power
Primary Aim of Vocational Guidance
The primary aim of vocational guidance is the
promotion of personal satisfaction with life as a
whole. As such, the process of vocational guidance
will consists of the following factors:
a. providing a placement service to help him/her
to implement those plans
b. providing a follow-up service to help him /her
to implement those plans.
c. enabling the individual to discover information
about himself/herself, his/her abilities,
interests, needs, ambitions, limitations and
their causes.
d. providing counseling in order to promote self
understanding and to develop educational and
occupational plans.
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e. providing him/her with a frame of reference
in which to see himself / herself, in relation
to these educational and vocational
opportunities; to orient him/ her to the helping
agencies available and to alert him /her to
future decision making points in his/ her
career.
f. providing him/her with information
g. n about his/her environment, the advantages
and disadvantages of different occupations
and educational courses, the qualications,
necessary for entry into them, and the total
range of opportunities available to him/her in
theory and practice.
Role of Education in Vocational Guidance and
Vocational Education
The two terms are closely related but are
not synonymous. Vocational education where
vocational guidance, in a way, ends. Vocational
guidance without vocational education is a waste.
Vocational education is a necessary preparation or
training undergone before an individual enters a
vocation chosen through vocational guidance. The
student’s choice of courses and his/her vocational
plans are functionally interrelated. Educational
guidance becomes fruitful only by keeping an eye
on the vocational implications of subjects and the
eld of occupations they will lead to. Similarly,
a plan of vocational guidance must be followed or
accompanied by educational guidance. In vocational
guidance, the vocational considerations, dominate,
whereas in educational guidance, “making a life in
school” is more important than “making a living”
after the school years.Vocational educations begins
when vocational guidance ends. The programme
of vocational guidance is of vital importance at the
secondary and the college stages. Herein the person
is to be nally told as to which vocation is t for him.
He is to be helped in the choice and is to be prepared
to enter in to it.
Stages in Vocational Guidance
Vocational guidance at the Elementary Stage
Not much can be done at the elementary stage
strictly in terms of guidance worker can do the
following:
a. Create the habit of neat and systematic work.
b. Create love and respect – positive attitude for
normal work.
c. Encourage neatness in work.
d. Train the use of the hands of the child.
e. Encourage the development of good relations
amongst themselves.
f. Create and achieve hand-eye co-ordination.
The purpose of vocational guidance is to help
the child through the curriculum and the extra
curriculum to develop his /her basic skills and
attitudes which are important for successful work.
There are essential requirements for a good worker,
whatever be the eld, for example , doing the job
earnestly in a neat and systematic manner, using
what one possesses to an optimum extent, doing it in
co-operation with others. habits of doing work and
proper attitudes towards work may be developed.
Vocational guidance at the Secondary Stage
Objectives
a. helping pupils according to their vocational
assets and liabilities
b. helping pupils to get suitable jobs
c. helping pupils to prepare themselves for entry
into the careers of their choice
d. helping pupils to be familiar with occupations
and their requirements
e. helping pupils to be familiar with vocational
implications of different subjects to be studied
in the secondary school.
Denite guidance in vocations can be given at
this stage, for example:
a. The child should be helped to make the right
choice now here.
b. The child should be helped to know himself.
Entire vocational guidance depends on it.
c. familiarity about the world or work can be
given.
d. The child can be placed during a high school
in a suitable job and follow-up may be
undertaken.
e. Whether the child will go to college or remain
in a job can also be decided.
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Vocational Guidance Strategies
Vocational guidance strategies are based on the
following principles:
• Vocational guidance services should be based
on the principle of individual differences.
• Different strategies need to be used to cater to
the individual vocational needs of students.
• The individual needs to understand the total
perspective of a vocation for which he has
decided to prepare himself.
• Vocational guidance service must fulll the
vocational needs of every student.
• The selection of a particular vocation is not
conned to a single, xed decision, but a time
extending process, involving a series of social
and personal factors.
• Occupation is to be looked at as a source
of income to people and a major source of
satisfying needs and optimizing aptitudes ,
competencies and interests.
Conclusion
The vocational guidance is a long continuous
process which begins in the school and is needed
throughout the working life of the individual. It is
aimed at wise use by the person of priceless native
capacity and the results of costly training provided
by the school for the good of the individual and the
society. Vocational guidance is complex. In the end
it may be added that in most of the Indian schools, the
facilities for educational and vocational guidance are
‘non-existent’.Vocational guidance can be given to
individual as well as to a group. When an individual
faces any vocational problem like selection of a
vocation, adjustment in vocation, etc., individual
guidance is given to him. On the other hand, if a
similar vocational problem is faced by a group, a
group guidance programme can be organized.
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